Means for operation of motor vehicles



MEANS FOR OPERATION OF'MOTOR VEHICLES v M` BERLJET 4 MEANS FOR OPERATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES Filed sept. 2a, '1929. 4 sheets-sheet 2 Fig 2 I S 279 132 M. BERMET L MEANS FOR OlERATION OF MOTOR- VEHICLES Filed sept. 28, 1929 4 shams-snaai 3 sept. 27, 1932. BERUET 1979,@

MEANS Fon OPERATION 0E MOTOR VEHICLES Filed sept. 28. 1929 4 sheets-sheet 4 /Dfaf Patented Sept. 27, 1932 d MARIUs Bnnnrnr, oFLY'oN, rRANcnAssrGNon rro socrnrn' ANoNYMEjDnsfAUTOMo- BILES M. I BERLIET, .OF LYON',,FRANCEl MEANs roR'orERATIoN or Moron VEHICLES Application led September 28,' 1929, Serial No. 395,944, and in. France October 1, 1928.

The present invention relates to improvel yments in means for the operation of' motor drawings, in which: Y Y

Figure 1 is avertical longitudinal sectional shaft of the brake vehicles having several ydriving'wheels, and it particularly concerns a device for central control by which the motion is imparted to vehicles having four driving wheels, said demission speed casing.

The said device lcomprises a speed transmission by which the number ofspeeds can be doubled, and which is followed by the vice being mounted at the end of the trans- Y mechanism acting upon the dierential pro-- vided with a blocking device, also comprising bevel gearing for the operation` of the shafts driving the wheels, as well asa brake mechanism disposed upon a separateshaft.

Thesaid apparatus is contained in a; casing of cruciform-shape having tubular horif zontally disposed branches. One end of the large longitudinal branch issecured to the rear end of the transmission casing, and contains the speed change gear, which `is connected to a differential, knownzper se, and

is inserted into a central recess, disposed at the intersection lof the horizontal branches and the transverse branchesof the casing. The transverse branches contain the shafts of the differential gearing which actuateby bevel gearing-the lined shafts inlatl eral disposition which drive the Wheels,.jand .the large longitudinal branch is terminated view on the axis of the mechanism. j

Figure 21 1s a part sectional vlew, and

organization.

,Figuren 3 is a section on the line A-B of -Figure 2, showingthe parts which hold the differential in the xedposition. y

Figure 4 is a top plan viewof the device. The motion to be transmitted to the vehicle wheels is imparted to the speed transmission in the casing by the shaft 1 from which it is ,transmitted to the main shaft 2 by meansrofr Fig. 22 is a similar view of the remaining the universal joint 3 disposed .in a'casing 4. j

j The shaft 2 is maintained in ball-bearing 5-6 .disposed in a two-part casing` which contains -the vspeed-reduction mechanism. `,'Ihe rear end of the shaft 2Uis boredat 21 to form a recess for the insertion of the end ofthe shaft 8 actuating the dierential device.'k A ring'22 is interposed between the shafts 2 and 8, as shown in Figure 1, Vand the twojshafts are fittedvtogetherat a point adjacent the said ball bearing 6 whereby the device is accurately centered. 1 j j' f The Speed-reduction gear; in the casing 7 consists of teeth 9 on the end of the shaft2 in constant engagement vwith a pinion 10 ofv largerrdiametermounted on an intermediate tubular shaftv 11,5 which carries on the other `iscontained in the casing 7, with the interpo-V sition of ball-bearings 14 'and 15, The pinion `li 12 may-be engaged witha pinion 16 movable i in grooves formed in the shaft 8, in line with the lshaft 2 and actuatingthe differential device. The pinionv 16 is moved` in ,the known mannerby'a fork 17, andit also comprisesinternal teeth 18 cooperating withY thev external teeth 19on the en d of the shaft 2: Y

. As regardsthe operation of the fork 17, the

teeth 18 of the pinion 16 engage the teeth 19.

of the shaft 2-,thus obtaining the direct drive, and `herein the shaft 8 is driven at thesame speed as the shaft 2; but when the pinion 16 is engaged with the pinion 12, the Yspeed ofthe shaft 8 is reduced relatively to the said'shaft, due tothe ratio of the gearing 9-10-12-7-1'6.V

The shaft 8 actuating the said differential device is `terminated by a bevel pinion 20 which is forged together with the endv vof the said shaft.' The shaft 8 is mounted'in a ball bearing 21 secured in a casing 22 in which is LUG - ofthe differential is provided with yteethy 37,

ball-bearing 27. The ring carries internal teeth 28 adapted to drive the case 29 of the said differential, by means of teeth 30 formed on the sleeve 26. The said differential operates in the known manner, by reason of its planetary `pinions 31mounted onv axles d isposed in the case 29, and by the use of the main cooperating gear Wheels 33. The said Wheels 33 are engaged by their external ,hubs

interposition of the rings 34. The hubs'of' grooved to cooperate With the ends ofthedifferential shaft 35S-'38. The sleeve end 36 upon the right hand side and upon the grooved part of the right hand vthe teeth 37 of the sleeve 36 of the `said casel29,

by-means of the fork 41, ingorder lto hold the differentiah'as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

' The clutch 39, y40 causes the shaft 38 -Which lis fixed with the part36 of the member 29 and the case 29and the shaft 38 to have the saine motion about the axis of the shaft 38, and the `planetary pinions 31 will remainstationary with respect to the Wheel 33. The dierential vis ythus held since thefvehicle must havethe possibility of running on VVall grounds Vand it happens frequently that two Wheels placed on the said side slide and turnidle on unevenv ground, Whereas the others" placed on theY V'Which is keyed'a diskV 47'secu`redto a brake drum 48. I y

the vehicle.

other'side are on hard or even ground but 'Will remain stationary due 'to thel effectof the dif- ,ferential; ifthe differential is'then' held the Wheels which Vare `on hard'ground vvill` drive In line With the shaft 8 andoutside the Vsaid differential, the casing 24 is extended for the insertion of the shaft 42- on the innerend (of which is mounted a bevel gear 43 'coop-v eratingvvith the gear 25.` The shaft 42 is'held in thel casing 24 by ball-bearings '44-45, and

"at its rear end is a. tapered part'4'6fupon On the casing 24 is mounted a circular disk 49 to Which is secured the'pivot/axle`50fof `:the brake Vshoes as Well as the 'axle 52 of the brake ca1n 5 1. The axle 52 is operatedby aA lever 53 and is mounted at theother'end from the cam 51 in a recess in the casing 24. n

The'transverseportions 'of the casing 24 containing the differential shafts'35 and 38 :are terminated by the lateral cylindrical casings *54 containing-through 'the medium'of y the ball bearings '56 and 57 -the longitudinal thus cooperate With the sleeves 58 to which `are bolted flexible connecting members5`9, by

vwhich the shafts ofthe four drivingiwheels 65 -may lbe driven. v

' The: shafts 62 are connected with the joints -59 vand are telescopically engaged in the-shafts Y 63, which in turn are connected With the flexible couplings 64. The casings 66 are mounted on the axles and in Which suitable gears are located for transmitting power to the yaxles for driving the Wheels 65.

`sliafts35-i38. the said main gearywheels are suitably .The voperation is as follows:

The" motion ofthe vshaft 1 extending from v the speed-transmission casing is imparted to the driving shaft 2 by the universal joint 3.

' Which-thu's-'d'rives the shaft 8 of the differential, ora direct drive' may `beused when ential device by its said pinion 20 which is --'in"'constant 'engagement With the ring 25 .'W'hich 'drives' the case -29fb'yl means of the teeth'28-30. The main Sgear Wheels 31 and the planetary.. gear Wheels 33 will 'in kturn drive the shafts ofthe dierentials 354-38,

and these, byfmeans'o'f their bevelxpinions 61 'cooperating AWith-thepinions 60 will drive the'flongitudinal' shafts 55 controlling the Afour vehicle Wheels.

claimz"y ,v f Vfour-Wheel drive forr vehicles comprisingsa-fspeed transmission, a differential `mechanismdriven-by the shaft thereof, said differential mechanism including shafts,

fshafts extendin at right anglesfto the outer 'ends of the di erenti'al shafts and driven thereby Vandffadapted Ito transmit movement to'vth'e 'vvheelsloffthe vehicle,.'a shaft alined with the transmission shaft Iandgeared with thefdiferential mechanism, 'and a braking Inechanism'connected'with the latter shaft.

l2..A four-Wheel drive for l'vehicles lcom- Aprising `a zspeed'tra'nsmission, a casingiof .crucifo'rmv shape, ia. .differential mechanism in said-leasing driven by the. shaft ofthe transmission and l extending through one branch `of the casing, a shaft-alined with the transmission shaft and geared .v vith'the differential mechanism, said-shaft beingfjour- Vn'aledin onebranch of the casing, the shafts of the differential Amechanism being .journaled in thelateral branches of the casing, Wheeled driving shafts extending a-tfright angles to the shafts of the differential mech-a- Vrnism-and geared thereto, and a. braking mechshafts '55 which aregrooved -attheends andAv anism associated With-thelshaft alined with the transmission shaft. f

3. A four-Wheeleddrive for vehicles including a casing' of cruciform shape, a diffferent-ial mechanism mounted inthe casing at the 'juncture' ofthe branches thereof, a speedchan'getransmission'.includingl a shaft;

said shaft being journaled in one longitudi nal branch of the casing, a brake shaft alined therewith and journaled in the other longitudinal branch of the casing, the shafts of the differential mechanism being journaled in the lateral branches of the casing, Wheeled driving shafts disposed at right angles to the dierential shaft and driven thereby to impart movement to the Wheels of the vehicle.

4. A. four-Wheel drive for vehicles comprising a speed-change transmission, a differential mechanism, said differential mechanism including a casing driven by the shaft of the transmission7 the shafts of the differential mechanism being adapted to drive the Wheels of the vehicle, said casing having teeth uponV one end, a nonrotatable collar slidable on the differential shaft adjacent the teeth and having teeth thereon for engaging the teeth of the casing, and means for sliding the collar to cause engagement of said teeth, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof he has signed this specification.

MARIUS BERLIET. 

